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Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology

Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology

Division of Mathematical, Life, and Physical Sciences,
3311 Life Sciences and Technology Building;
Telephone (805) 893-3511
Undergraduate Information (805) 893-5191
Graduate Information (805) 893-3023

Undergraduate e-mail: eemb-ugrad@lifesci.ucsb.edu
Graduate e-mail: eemb-gradasst@lifesci.ucsb.edu
Website: lifesci.ucsb.edu/EEMB  (will open in a new browser window)

Department Chair: Alice Alldredge

Contents:

Faculty

Alice L. Alldredge, Ph.D., UC Davis, Professor (marine biology)

Mark A. Brzezinski, Ph.D., Oregon State University, Professor (biological oceanography)

Bradley J. Cardinale, Ph.D., University of Maryland, Assistant Professor (community and ecosystems ecology, freshwater biology, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning)

Craig Carlson, Ph.D., University of Maryland, Associate Professor (marine microbial ecology)

David J. Chapman, Ph.D., UC San Diego, Professor (phycology, biochemical evolution)

James J. Childress, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor (ecological physiology)

Peter M. Collins, Ph.D., University of London, Professor (endocrinology)

Scott D. Cooper, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin, Professor (aquatic ecology and limnology)

Carla D’Antonio, Ph.D., UC Santa Barbara, Professor (plant and ecosystem ecology, invasive species, species effects on ecosystem processes, restoration ecology)

John A. Endler, Ph.D., University of Edinburgh, Professor (population and ecological genetics)

Thomas Even, Ph.D., UC Santa Barbara, Lecturer PSOE (community ecology, aquatic predator-prey interactions, pollution impact studies, aquatic population surveys, habitat assessment and restoration)

Steven D. Gaines, Ph.D., Oregon State University, Professor (marine community ecology, biostatistics)

Scott Hodges, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (plant evolution)

Gretchen Hofmann, Ph.D., University of Colorado, Associate Professor (marine animal physiology)

Sally J. Holbrook, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (population ecology)

Robert S. Jacobs, Ph.D., Loyola University, Professor (pharmacology)

Armand M. Kuris, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (parasitology, marine ecology)

Jonathan Levine, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Associate Professor (plant ecology, plant communities and ecosystems)

Sally MacIntyre, Ph.D., Duke University, Professor (physical-biological coupling; physical limnology and oceanography; tropical, temperate and arctic lakes; flow and ecosystem dynamics in kelp forests)

Bruce E. Mahall, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (plant ecology)

Susan J. Mazer, Ph.D., UC Davis, Professor (plant evolution)

John M. Melack, Ph.D., Duke University, Professor (zoology and limnology)

William W. Murdoch, Ph.D., Oxford University, Professor (population ecology)

Roger M. Nisbet, Ph.D., University of St. Andrews, Professor (theoretical population ecology)

Todd H. Oakley, Ph.D., Duke University, Assistant Professor (macroevolutionary biology)

Barbara B. Prezelin, Ph.D., Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Professor (marine biology)

Omer J. Reichman, Ph.D., Northern Arizona University, Professor (behavioral ecology)

William Rice, Ph.D., Oregon State University, Professor (evolutionary genetics, biological statistics)

Stephen I. Rothstein, Ph.D., Yale University, Professor (evolutionary biology, ecology, ethology)

Joshua P. Schimel, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (microbial ecology, soil biology, ecosystem ecology)

Russell J. Schmitt, Ph.D., UC Los Angeles, Professor (marine community ecology and population)

Allan Stewart-Oaten, Ph.D., Michigan State University, Professor (mathematics biology, statistics)

Raul K. Suarez, Ph.D., University of British Columbia, Associate Professor (comparative biochemistry and physiology)

Samuel S. Sweet, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (vertebrate morphology)

Robert R. Warner, Ph.D., Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Professor (marine ecology)

Emeriti Faculty

Daniel B. Botkin, Ph.D., Rutgers University, Professor Emeritus (ecology)

James F. Case, Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University, Professor Emeritus (neurobiology)

Joseph H. Connell, Ph.D., Glasgow, Professor Emeritus (population ecology)

Barbara B. DeWolfe, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor Emerita (vertebrate zoology)

Alfred W. Ebeling, Ph.D., UC Los Angeles and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Professor Emeritus (zoology)

John R. Haller, Ph.D., UC Los Angeles, Professor Emeritus (systematic botany)

Robert W. Holmes, Ph.D., Oslo, Professor Emeritus (aquatic botany)

W. Neil Holmes, D.Sc., Ph.D., Liverpool, Professor Emeritus (zoology)

Dale M. Smith, Ph.D., Indiana University, Professor Emeritus (systematic botany)

Robert K. Trench, Ph.D., UC Los Angeles, Professor Emeritus (biology)

Adrian M. Wenner, Ph.D., University of Michigan, Professor Emeritus (natural history of arthropods)

Affiliated Faculty

Patricia A. Holden, Ph.D. (Bren School of Environmental Science and Management)

Stanley M. Awramik, Ph.D. (Earth Science)

Bruce E. Kendall, Ph.D. (Donald Bren School of Environmental Science and Management)

James P. Kennett, Ph.D. (Earth Science)

Bruce Tiffney, Ph.D. (Earth Science)

David Valentine, Ph.D. (Earth Science)

The Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology (EEMB) offers the bachelor of science degree in four departmental majors - aquatic biology, ecology and evolution, physiology, and zoology. In addition, it cooperates with the Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology in offering the interdepartmental biological sciences major, with both B.A. and B.S. objectives. The department offers graduate programs leading to the degrees of master of arts and doctor of philosophy, with emphasis in ecology, evolution, and marine biology. In addition, a wide range of courses is available to all undergraduates for elective enrollment or for the support of their preparation for degrees in other departments or programs.

Intensive, quarter-long field courses, including the White Mountain Research Supercourse and the Education Abroad Program’s tropical biology program in Costa Rica, are available to selected students. A variety of hands-on work and research experiences are available through internships and directed independent study projects, including research at University of California Natural Reserve System sites throughout California. In addition, students can obtain training in the biological sciences at institutions throughout the world through the Education Abroad Program.

Many students in the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology prepare for entry into graduate or professional schools. Students should become familiar with the requirements of several institutions offering work in the specialty that interests them, and then discuss their programs with their advisor. In general, students preparing for careers in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine, pharmacy, and nursing select biological sciences, physiology, or zoology as their major. All of the EEMB majors provide suitable preparation for further study in agriculture, forestry, and wildlife and water management.

Students with a bachelor’s degree in any of the EEMB majors who are interested in pursuing a California Teaching Credential should contact the credential advisor in the Graduate School of Education as soon as possible.

The department undergraduate academic advisor is available for counseling on matters such as major requirements, schedule planning, course substitutions, petitions, and career and graduate school information. Three faculty members serve each year as graduate advisors. The graduate program assistant helps graduate students in all matters related to their graduate study. Department publications are available from the undergraduate advisor and the graduate program assistant.

Senior Honors Program

Students with outstanding academic records in biological sciences are encouraged to apply for the senior honors program early in the fall quarter of the senior year. The honors program centers on an independent research project carried out in one of the departmental research groups (EEMB or MCDB 199), and the preparation of a written report or thesis. Eligibility requirements and applications are available from the undergraduate advisor.

Undergraduate Program

Students are normally expected to complete all courses required in preparation for the major by the end of their sophomore year, but physics may be delayed until the junior year if necessary. Students with strong high school backgrounds are urged to complete their basic preparation in general chemistry and mathematics during their freshman year. Students with weak Mathematics preparation should make up this deficiency by completing intermediate algebra and trigonometry by correspondence through University Extension, preferably during the summer preceding enrollment at UCSB, or by completing Mathematics 15 at UCSB. As the requirements suggest, each major in the department is designed to emphasize a different area in biology.

Upper-division major courses offered on the P/NP-only basis may be taken for major credit to a maximum of 8 units total in any combination for a B.S. or 4 units for a B.A. All other courses for the major, both preparation and upper-division, must be taken for letter grades.

Pre-Biology

Students are not admitted directly into the following majors: Biological Sciences B.A. or B.S., Aquatic Biology B.S., Ecology and Evolution B.S., Physiology B.S., and Zoology B.S. Instead, they are first admitted to the pre-biology major, and they may advance to full major standing in one of these majors only after fulfilling the pre-major course and grade requirements listed below.

Note: Completion of the pre-major does not fully satisfy the preparation for the major requirements for any of the majors.

Students should review the full requirement sheet for the major they intend to declare and plan their schedules accordingly. Also note that acceptance into the pre-major does not guarantee admission to full major status.

Students may petition for advancement to full major status in any one of the majors as soon as they have completed the required minimum of twelve courses with a 2.0 or higher grade-point average in area B, in area C, and in the courses in areas A and D combined. At the time of the petition, they must also have a 2.0 or higher grade-point average in all courses attempted toward the major (preparation and upper-division). The P/NP grading option is not allowed for any pre-major course. All must be completed on a letter-grade basis.

  1. General Chemistry: Chemistry 1A or 2A, 1B or 2B, 1C or 2C. The entire three quarter series and laboratories are required for all EEMB majors.

  2. MCDB 1A, MCDB 1B, EEMB 2, EEMB 3

  3. MCDB 1AL, either MCDB 1BL or EEMB 2L, and EEMB 3L

  4. Two courses from the following:
    1. Organic Chemistry: Chemistry 109A-B-C. (Not required for Ecology and Evolution or Zoology. Laboratories are also required for the other majors. Physiology requires 3 quarters of Organic Chemistry. Aquatic Biology and Biological Sciences (B.A. and B.S.) require two quarters of organic chemistry lecture and laboratory.
    2. Calculus: Mathematics 3A or 34A, 3B or 34B
    3. Statistics: EEMB 30 or PSTAT 5A or Mathematics 3C (EEMB 30 or PSTAT 5A strongly recommended for EEMB Majors)
    4. Physics: 6A-B-C (Biological Sciences B.A. does not require 6C. Laboratories required for all majors.)

Note: Many upper-division EEMB and all MCDB courses require a C or better in each prerequisite course. See individual course listings.

Bachelor of Arts - Biological Sciences

UCSB offers both a bachelor of arts (B.A.) and a bachelor of science (B.S.) degree in biological sciences. The B.A. degree is intended to provide flexibility in curriculum planning for students interested in obtaining a degree in biology accompanied by a broader background in the liberal arts. Either degree is acceptable to most graduate and professional schools. Students are encouraged to seek advice from biology faculty and academic advisors regarding which degree option is most appropriate to their career goals.

Students are not admitted directly into the biological sciences major. Instead, they are first admitted to the pre-biology major, and they may advance to full major standing only after fulfilling specified pre-major course and grade requirements. See section entitled “Pre-Biology” for details.

Note: Hyphens indicate that an entire course sequence must be completed as shown to fulfill an area requirement. Note also that a single course, though listed in more than one area, can satisfy only one requirement.

Preparation for the major. MCDB 1A-AL, MCDB 1B, EEMB 2, either MCDB 1BL or EEMB 2L, and EEMB 3-3L; Chemistry 1A-AL-B-BL-C-CL or 2A-AC-AL-B-BC-BL-C-CC-CL, 6AL, BL, (or BH), and 109A-B; Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B, and one of the following: PSTAT 5A or EEMB 30 or Mathematics 3C; Physics 6A-AL-B-BL.

Upper-division major. Thirty-six upper-division units in biological sciences, distributed as follows:

Note: The following courses do not count toward upper-division major credit: EEMB 182, 183, 184; MCDB 121, 182, 183, 184. In addition, no more than 4 units of the following courses combined will apply: EEMB 185-199; MCDB 185-199.

  1. Genetics: MCDB 101A (MCDB 101B strongly recommended for students taking 101A) or EEMB 129

  2. Physiology: One course or course sequence from MCDB 111; EEMB 141, 143, 151, 154, 156, 175

  3. Development and Cell Biology or Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: one course or course sequence from MCDB 103, 108A, 110, 112, (if not used in area B), 118, 133, 134, 135, 151, 152, 153; EEMB 164

  4. Ecology or Evolution: One course or course sequence from EEMB 102,108, 109 (or Geology 148), 113-113L, 120, 131 (or Geology 121), 135, 136-136L, 137 (or Geology 141), 138, 139, 140, 142A, 166, 171 (or Environmental Studies 171), 173

  5. Diversity of Form and Structure: One course or course sequence from EEMB 106, 107, 111, 112, 113-113L (if not used in D above), 116, 134; MCDB 131, 139

  6. Electives: Additional upper-division courses offered within the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology and the Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology to bring unit total to 36.

Bachelor of Science - Aquatic Biology

The aquatic biology major provides students with interests in marine biology, biological oceanography, limnology, marine and freshwater ecology, and population biology of aquatic organisms with an opportunity to gain a general background in these subject areas.

Students are not admitted directly into the aquatic biology major. Instead, they are first admitted to the pre-biology major, and they may advance to full major standing only after fulfilling specified pre-major course and grade requirements. See section entitled “Pre-Biology” for details.

Note: Hyphens indicate that an entire course sequence must be completed as shown to fulfill an area requirement. Note also that a single course, though listed in more than one area, can satisfy only one requirement. Such courses are identified with an asterisk (*).

Preparation for the major. MCDB 1A-AL, MCDB 1B, EEMB 2, either MCDB 1BL or EEMB 2L, and EEMB 3-3L; Chemistry 1A-AL-B-BL-C-CL or 2A-AC-AL-B-BC-BL-C-CC-CL; Chemistry 6AL, BL, (or BH), and 109A-109B; Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B, and one of the following: PSTAT 5A or EEMB 30, Mathematics 3C; Physics 6A-AL-B-BL-C-CL.

Upper-division major. Forty-eight upper-division units in biological sciences, distributed as follows, with at least 32 in EEMB:

Note: The following courses do not count toward upper-division major credit: EEMB 182, 183; MCDB 121, 182, 183, 184. In addition, no more than 8 units of the following courses combined will apply: EEMB 184-199, MCDB 185-199. Finally, a maximum of 16 units may be completed in courses outside of the EEMB department.

  1. EEMB 142A-B-C

  2. One course or course sequence from each of the following:

    1. Genetics: EEMB 129 or MCDB 101A
    2. Ecology: EEMB 120 or 179
    3. Physiology: EEMB 143-143L*, 154, 156; 157, 175; MCDB 111, 151
    4. Evolution: EEMB 102, 108, 109 (or Geology 148), 113-113L, 131 (or Geology 121), 135, 136-136L (or Geology 111-111L), 138

  3. Aquatic Biology: Three courses from the following, including at least two laboratory courses (underlined): EEMB 106, 112, 116, 134, 142AL, 142 BL, 142CL, 143*, 143L*, 144, 144L, 147, 148, 148L, 149 (or MCDB 149), 151, 152, (or Environmental Studies 152),153, 159, 163, 165, 170, Geology 162*

  4. Physical environment: One course from: EEMB 117, 174, Geography 104, 112, 116-116L (or Geology 173-173L), 134, 162A (or Environmental Studies 162A), 163, 165, 168; Geology 162*, 164A, 164B, 164C, 168, 169, 171

  5. Additional upper-division courses offered within the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology and Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology or from areas B, C, and D above to bring total units to 48.

Bachelor of Science - Biological Sciences

UCSB offers both a bachelor of arts (B.A.) and a bachelor of science (B.S.) degree in biological sciences. The B.S. degree is intended for those students desiring a more focused and intensive curriculum in biology, including the development of laboratory skills. Either degree is acceptable to most graduate and professional schools. Students are encouraged to seek advice from biology faculty and academic advisors regarding which degree option is most appropriate to their career goals.

Students are not admitted directly into the biological sciences major. Instead, they are first admitted to the pre-biology major, and they may advance to full major standing only after fulfilling specified pre-major course and grade requirements. See section entitled “Pre-Biology” for details.

Note: Hyphens indicate that an entire course sequence must be completed as shown to fulfill an area requirement.

Preparation for the major. MCDB 1A-AL, MCDB 1B, EEMB 2, either MCDB 1BL or EEMB 2L, and EEMB 3-3L; Chemistry 1A-AL-B-BL-C-CL or 2A-AC-AL-B-BC-BL-C-CC-CL, 6AL, BL, (or BH), and 109A-B; Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B, and one of the following: PSTAT 5A or EEMB 30 or Mathematics 3C; Physics 6A-AL-B-BL-C-CL.

Upper-division major. Forty-eight units, distributed as follows:

Note: The following courses do not count toward upper-division major credit: EEMB 182, 183, 184; MCDB 121, 182, 183, 184. In addition, no more than 8 units of the following courses combined will apply: EEMB 185-199, MCDB 185-199.

  1. Genetics: One course sequence from MCDB 101A-B (MCDB concentration) or EEMB 129 and 130 (EEMB concentration)

  2. One course or course sequence from each of the following. Note: Courses listed in more than one section (noted with an asterisk) can be applied to only one section.

    1. Physiology: MCDB 111, 126A, 132, 151; EEMB 141, 143, 151*, 154, 156, 175
    2. Developmental and cell biology: MCDB 103, 112, 118, 133*, 135, 151*, 152, 153
    3. Biochemistry and molecular biology: MCDB 108A, 110, 126B, 126C, 133*, 134; EEMB 164
    4. Ecology: EEMB 120, 138, 139*, 140, 142A, 166, 171 (or Environmental Studies 171), 173
    5. Evolution: EEMB 102, 108, 109 (or Geology 148), 113-113L*, 131 (or Geology 121), 135, 136-136L (or Geology 111-111L), 137 (or Geology 141), 139*
    6. Diversity of form and function: EEMB 106, 107, 111, 112, 113-113L*, 115, 116, 134; MCDB 131, 139
    7. Laboratory: Either one of the underlined courses from sections 1-6 above or one of the following: MCDB 101L, 103L, 109L, 112L, 119, 126AL (or EEMB 126AL), 126BL, 131L, 132L, 133L, 140L; EEMB 107L, 120AL, 140L, 143L, 148L, 164L, 164S, 170

  3. Electives: Additional upper-division courses offered with the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology and the Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology to bring the total to 48 units.

Bachelor of Science - Ecology and Evolution

The ecology and evolution major provides a solid foundation in the study of interactions among organisms, and of their relations to the Environmental. Following completion of the core sequence, students may elect either an ecology or evolution concentration, or may devise their own program in consultation with a faculty advisor. This is the appropriate major for the field-oriented biologist and for students interested in graduate work in plant or animal population biology, ecology, or evolutionary biology.

Students are not admitted directly into the ecology and evolution major. Instead, they are first admitted to the pre-biology major, and they may advance to full major standing only after fulfilling specified pre-major course and grade requirements. See section entitled “Pre-Biology” for details.

Note: Hyphens indicate that an entire course sequence must be completed as shown to fulfill an area requirement. Note also that a single course, though listed in more than one area, can satisfy only one requirement.

Preparation for the major. MCDB 1A-AL, MCDB 1B, EEMB 2, either MCDB 1BL or EEMB 2L, and EEMB 3-3L; Chemistry 1A-AL-B-BL-C-CL or 2A-AC-AL-B-BC-BL-C-CC-CL; Mathematics 3A-3B or 34A-34B and one of the following: PSTAT 5A or EEMB 30 (Mathematics 3C acceptable but not recommended); Physics 6A-AL-B-BL-C-CL. Note: Organic Chemistry may be required by some graduate or professional schools. Consult with the advisor.

Upper-division major. Forty-eight upper-division units are required, distributed as follows, with at least 32 in EEMB:

Note: The following courses do not count toward upper-division major credit: EEMB 182, 183, 184, MCDB 121, 182, 183, 184. In addition, no more than 8 units of the following courses apply: EEMB 185-199, MCDB 185-199. Finally, a maximum of 16 units may be completed through courses outside of the EEMB Department.

Note: Courses identified with an asterisk (*) are listed in more than one area, but they may be applied to only one area.

  1. Genetics: One course sequence from EEMB 129-130* or MCDB 101A-B

  2. Ecology: EEMB 120

  3. Evolution: EEMB 131 (or Geology 121)

  4. One course from D1 or D2:

    1. Ecology concentration: EEMB 119* (or Environmental Studies 119*), 125, 128 (or Environmental Studies 128), 140*, 166*, 152 (or Environmental Studies 152), 171* (or Environmental Studies 171*), 173, 179
    2. Evolution concentration: EEMB 102, 130*, 132-132L, 135, or 139

  5. Physiology: EEMB 124, 141, 143, 154, 156; 157, 165, 175, MCDB 111

  6. Animal diversity: EEMB 106, 107, 108, 109 (or Geology 148), 111, 112, 113-113L*, 116, 133 (or Environmental Studies 133)*, 136-136L (or Geology 111-111L), Geology 149

  7. Plant diversity: EEMB 103A, 114, 115, 119* (or Environmental Studies 119*), 127, 133 (or Environmental Studies 133)*, 137 (or Geology 141) 140*, 166*, 171* (or Environmental Studies 171*); Geography 167.

  8. Physical environment: EEMB 142B; Geography 104, 110, 112, 114A (or Environmental Studies 114A), 162A(or Environmental Studies 162A); Geology 164A

  9. A minimum of two lab courses from underlined courses or from the following: EEMB 107L, 120AL, BL, 127L, 135L, 140L, 143L, 142AL, 142BL, 142CL, 144L, 166, 170.

  10. Electives: Additional upper-division (from Geography 149 (or Environmental Studies 111) or courses offered within the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology or MCDB. Especially recommended are 110, 117, 134, 138, 139, 146, 160, 161, and 163 in evolution; 144, 146, 147, 148-148L, 152, 159, 166FT, 171, 178, and 179 in ecology or any additional courses from areas F, G, or H above to bring the total in the major to 48.

Bachelor of Science - Physiology

Physiology is a branch of biology dealing with the processes, activities, and phenomena characteristic of living organisms. The physiology major is designed to provide an understanding of the integrated functioning of tissues and organs in whole organisms. Regulatory mechanisms are considered at the cellular and molecular level, and in the context of an organism’s adaptation and responsiveness to its environment.

Students are not admitted directly into the physiology major. Instead, they are first admitted to the pre-biology major, and they may advance to full major standing only after fulfilling specified pre-major course and grade requirements. See section entitled “Pre-Biology” for details.

Note: Hyphens indicate that an entire course sequence must be completed as shown to fulfill an area requirement.

Preparation for the major. MCDB 1A-AL, MCDB 1B, EEMB 2, either MCDB 1BL or EEMB 2L, and EEMB 3-3L; Chemistry 1A-AL-B-BL-C-CL or 2A-AC-AL-B-BC-BL-C-CC-CL; Chemistry 6AL, BL, (or BH), and 109A-B-C; Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B and one of the following: PSTAT 5A or EEMB 30 (Mathematics 3C acceptable but not recommended); Physics 6A-AL-B-BL-C-CL.

Upper-division major. Forty-eight upper-division units are required, distributed as follows, with at least 32 in EEMB:

Note: The following courses do not count toward upper-division major credit: EEMB 182, 183, 184, MCDB 121, 182, 183, 184. In addition, no more than 8 units of the following courses apply: EEMB 185-199, MCDB 185-199. Finally, a maximum of 16 units may be completed through courses outside of the EEMB Department.

Note: Instructor approval is required for admission into any upper-division psychology courses. A maximum of 8 units of psychology courses can be applied.

  1. Three courses or course combinations from Regulatory Biology: EEMB 143-143L, 154, 156, 157, 165, 175.

  2. Genetics: EEMB 129

  3. Cell Biology: MCDB 103

  4. Biochemistry: MCDB 108A-B or Chemistry 142A-B

  5. One course from Structure and Function: EEMB 108, 112, 115, 116, 131

  6. Two laboratory courses from among those underlined in Areas A, E, and G.

  7. Additional courses offered within the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology and the Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology or courses from areas A and E above to bring the total units in the upper-division major to 48. The following courses are recommended: EEMB 134, 141, 151, 164-164L; MCDB 114.

Bachelor of Science - Zoology

The zoology major is designed to provide an understanding of animal structure and diversity, evolutionary relationships, functional systems, and environmental relationships, with an option of specialization in either organismal or population biology.

Students are not admitted directly into the zoology major. Instead, they are first admitted to the pre-biology major, and they may advance to full major standing only after fulfilling specified pre-major course and grade requirements. See section entitled “Pre-Biology” for details.

Note: Hyphens indicate that an entire course sequence must be completed as shown to fulfill an area requirement.

Preparation for the major. MCDB 1A-AL, MCDB 1B, EEMB 2, either MCDB 1BL or EEMB 2L, and EEMB 3-3L; Chemistry 1A-AL-B-BL-C-CL or 2A-AC-AL-B-BC-BL-C-CC-CL; Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B and one of the following: PSTAT 5A or EEMB 30 (Mathematics 3C acceptable but not recommended); Physics 6A-AL-B-BL-C-CL.

Note: Courses listed under multiple categories (noted with an asterisk) may only apply to one category. The following courses do not count toward upper-division major credit: EEMB 182, 183, MCDB 121, 182, 183, 184. In addition, no more than 8 units of the following courses apply: EEMB 184-199, MCDB 185-199. Finally, a maximum of 16 units may be completed through courses outside of the EEMB Department.

Note: Organic Chemistry may be required by some graduate or professional schools. Consult with an advisor.

Upper-division major. Forty-eight upper-division units are required, distributed as follows, with at least 32 in EEMB:

  1. Genetics: EEMB 129 or 130* or MCDB 101A

  2. One course from Physiology: EEMB 143, 154, 156, 157, 165, 175; MCDB 111, 114, 151

  3. Two courses from Ecology, Evolution, or Development: EEMB 102, 109 (or Geology 148), 120, 130*, 131 (or Geology 121), 135*, 138, 152 (or Environmental Studies 152), 166, 171 (or Environmental 171), 173 or MCDB 112

  4. Three courses from Diversity and Systematics: EEMB 106, 107-107L, 108, 112, 113-113L, 116, 147, 163.

  5. Ecology and Evolution Enrichment. One course from the following list or one additional course from area C. EEMB 117, 119*, 124, 128*, 136-136L (or Geology 111-111L), 139, 142A, 142B, 142C, 146, 148, 149 (or MCDB 149), 153, 159.

  6. One course in Plant Biology: EEMB 103A, 115, 119*, 127, 128*, 134, 135*, 140, 141, Geography 167.

  7. Laboratory: an underlined course completed in areas A-F or one of the following: EEMB 140L, 142AL, 142BL, 142CL, 143L, 148L, 164L, 164S, 175L; MCDB 112L

  8. Electives: Additional upper-division courses offered within the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology or from areas C-G above or from the following list: Chemistry 109A-B-C; Anthropology 105, 121, 121T, 153T; Environmental Studies 110, 111; Geography 104; Geology 164A; Linguistics 185; MCDB 101B, 103, 133, 134 to bring the total upper-division units in the major to 48.

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Graduate Program

The Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology (EEMB) offers graduate studies leading to the master of arts and doctor of philosophy degrees. Candidates for graduate degrees must meet university degree requirements found in the section, "Graduate Education at UCSB," as well as departmental requirements.

Admission

Applicants must fulfill general requirements for admission to graduate status. In addition, the scores of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) general test are required of all applicants to the graduate program. Applicants whose native language is not English, are required to take either the Test of English as Foreign Language (TOEFL) or the International English Language Testing System (ISLTS) exam. Exemptions to this requirement will be considered for those students who have completed an undergraduate or graduate education at an institution whose primary language of instruction is English. The minimum TOEFL score for consideration is 550 when taking the paper-based test (PBT), 213 when taking the computer-based test (CBT), and 80 when taking the internet-based test (IBT). The minimum IELTS score for consideration is an Overall Band Score of 7 or higher. TOEFL or IELTS scores must not be more than two years old at the time of application
to UCSB.

Applicants to the department must be accepted by a major professor with whom they wish to work. Therefore, applicants are encouraged to contact individual faculty members whose research interests coincide with their own.

Applications are considered for fall admission and should be received with all supporting materials by December 15.

Requirements for the M.A.

A candidate for the master’s degree must fulfill, in addition to general university requirements, the minimum lower-and upper-division requirements or their equivalents for the major in their field of emphasis. Students admitted with deficiencies must rectify them early in their graduate studies.

A major area of study must be selected from the list of specialized areas presented below following the section titled, “Requirements for the Ph.D.” A minor area of study may be selected from this list or from an appropriate discipline in another department. Two plans of study are available for the M.A.

Under Plan 1 (thesis), a minimum of 30 units and a thesis are required. The units may be taken in graduate or upper-division courses offered by the department; at least 20 units must be in the 200 and 500 series, excluding 500, 501, 502, 597 and 598. No more than half the graduate-level units may be in 596 courses. Courses outside the department may be substituted upon written approval of the student’s advisory committee. No unit credit is allowed for the thesis.

Under Plan 2 (comprehensive examination), a minimum of 36 units of upper-division and graduate courses offered by the department are required, at least 24 of which must be in the 200 and 500 series, excluding 500, 501, 502, 597 and 598. No more than half the graduate-level units may be in 596 courses. Courses outside the department may be substituted upon written approval of the student’s advisory committee. The comprehensive examination will cover a major and a minor area of study as described above.

Individuals may apply to an M.A./Ph.D. program. Students in the program may enter the Ph.D. program after their master’s-level studies are complete if their M.A. work indicates an ability to conduct research at the Ph.D. level. Entry into the Ph.D. program requires written support by the student’s potential Ph.D. advisor. The graduate committee will review each request in consultation with the student’s named potential advisor. If entry into the Ph.D. program is approved, the student should consult with the graduate advisor regarding Ph.D. program requirements.

Requirements for the Ph.D.

Candidates for the doctor of philosophy degree in EEMB must normally have completed a bachelor’s degree in one of the biological sciences, with a preparation deemed equivalent to that required for the bachelor’s degree from UCSB. Students who are admitted to graduate standing with deficiencies in preparation will be required to take appropriate undergraduate courses.

All doctoral candidates must qualify for and hold a teaching assistantship for the equivalent of two quarters as part of the preparation for the Ph.D. degree; pass a set of written qualifying examinations administered by the department and the oral qualifying examination administered by the doctoral committee; complete a doctoral dissertation under the general supervision of a committee; and defend their dissertation in a final oral examination. With the approval of the candidate’s doctoral committee, a scheduled departmental seminar may be substituted in lieu of the final oral examination.

Doctoral students select, with the approval of their advisory committee, two areas of study. One area of study must be selected from the list below; the other may be selected from the list, or from an appropriate discipline in other departments. Students must then pass a written comprehensive exam in each of the two areas of study. In addition, the oral qualifying examination must be taken before the end of the ninth quarter following matriculation in the Graduate Division.

  1. Ecology with Ecosystem, Evolutionary, Physiological, Plant Community, or Population emphases
  2. Algal Physiology, Ecology, and Systematics
  3. Behavioral Ecology
  4. Biology of Arthropods
  5. Biology of Deep Sea Animals
  6. Biological Oceanography
  7. Bioluminescence
  8. Ichthyology
  9. Invertebrate Biology
  10. Limnology
  11. Macroevolution
  12. Mathematics Biology
  13. Parasitology
  14. Plant Systematics and Evolution (Biochemistry Systematics, Biosystematics, Taxonomy)
  15. Population Genetics
  16. Stream Ecology
  17. Vertebrate Evolution, Morphology, and Systematics
  18. Comparative Physiology
  19. Endocrinology
  20. Pharmacology
  21. Biogeography and Macroecology

Emphasis in Computational Science and Engineering

The Departments of Chemical Engineering, Computer Science, Earth Science, Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mathematics, and Mechanical Engineering offer an interdisciplinary master’s and Ph.D. degree emphasis in Computational Science and Engineering (CSE). The CSE emphasis offers a broad multidisciplinary educational experience with strong foundations in both the technologies of computer science and applied mathematics and in cutting-edge applications to EEMB’s disciplines.

All students pursuing an emphasis in CSE must complete the following core classes:

  • Numerical Methods: Computer Science 211A-B-C-D (students must take at least three)
  • Parallel Computing: Computer Science 240A-B (students must take at least one)
  • Applied Mathematics: Math 214A-B or 215A-B or Chemical Engineering 230A-B

The specific requirements for the M.A. in Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology (thesis option only) with the CSE emphasis are (i) completion of all requirements for an M.A. in EEMB; (ii) completion of the core classes in CSE; (iii) a master’s thesis in the area of CSE. The thesis must be written under the supervision of a CSE ladder faculty member, and the thesis committee must include a minimum of three permanent ladder faculty members, at least two from EEMB and one from CSE. The CSE faculty member may be from another department

The specific requirements for the PhD in Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology with the CSE emphasis are: (i) completion of all requirements for a PhD in EEMB; (ii) completion of the core classes in CSE; (iii) a dissertation written under the supervision of a EEMB ladder faculty member in the CSE program. The doctoral examination committee must include at least one other CSE ladder faculty member and at least one ladder faculty member from another department.

Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Courses

Lower Division

2. Introductory Biology II - Ecology and Evolution

(2) Rice, Murdoch

Prerequisite: MCDB 1A.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 4B or EEMB 4B or 5B or MCDB 4B or 5B. Lecture, 2 hours.

Introduction to population and community ecology, and evolution. (W)

2L. Introductory Biology Laboratory II

(1) Staff

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; concurrent enrollment in EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B.

Same course as MCDB 1BL. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 4B or EEMB 4B or 5BL or MCDB 4B or 5BL. Laboratory, 3 hours.

Laboratory investigations illustrate basic principles of animal and plant physiology, ecology, and evolution. (W)

2Z. Selected Topics from EEMB 2

(1) Staff

Prerequisite: consent of department.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 4BZ or EEMB 4BZ or 5BZ or MCDB 4BZ or 5BZ. Lecture, 1-4 hours.

Designed for transfer students who have completed part of EEMB 2 through transfer work. Topics will be selected by the department, as appropriate, to fulfill the introductory biology requirement at UCSB. (W)

3. Introductory Biology III

(3) Alldredge, Carlson, Staff

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A-B and EEMB 2.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 4C or EEMB 4C or 5C. Lecture, 3 hours.

Introduction to the major groups of microbes, plants, and animals. (S)

3L. Introductory Biology Laboratory III

(1) Staff

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B; and concurrent enrollment in EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 4C or EEMB 4C or 5CL. Laboratory, 3 hours.

The diversity of microbes, plants, and animals is examined using living and preserved materials. (S)

3Z. Selected Topics from EEMB 3

(1-2) Staff

Prerequisite: consent of department.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 4CZ or EEMB 4CZ or 5CZ. Lecture, 1-4 hours.

Designed for transfer students who have completed part of EEMB 3 through transfer work. Topics will be selected by the department, as appropriate, to fulfill the introductory biology requirement at UCSB. (S)

21. General Botany

(4) Schneider

Not open for credit to students who have completed Botany 20, or Biology 4A-B-C; or MCDB 1A-AL, or EEMB 2B-2L, or MCDB 1B-BL, or EEMB 3-3L. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion/laboratory, 2 hours.

Unifying principles of biology utilizing plants as exemplary material; correlation of structure and function; genetics, selection, and evolution; energy transformation; growth of populations and the relation of plants to man; conservation. (W)

22. Concepts and Controversies in the Biological Sciences

(4) Even

Not open for credit toward graduation to students who have completed Natural Science 1C, or EEMB 20, or MCDB 20, or MCDB 1A-1AL, or EEMB 2-2L, or MCDB 1B-BL, or EEMB 3-3L. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Introduction to the principles of evolution as a foundation for understanding topics such as adaptation, physiology and ecology. Focuses on areas of biology that encompass important political, economic, social, and philosophical issues. Examines perspectives on currently relevant, and biologically based topics such as evolution / scientific creationism, sociobiology, biotechnology, right to life issues, animal rights, AIDS and other epidemics, and overpopulation. (S)

23. Human Development and Reproductive Physiology

(4) Collins

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 23, or Biology 4A-B-C; or MCDB 1A-AL, or EEMB 2B-2L, or MCDB 1B-BL, or EEMB 3-3L. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Human development with emphasis on events occurring prior to parturition. Hormonal devices involved in human reproduction. Comments on senescence and carcinogenesis. (SS)

30. Concepts in Statistics

(4) Stewart-Oaten

Prerequisites: Mathematics 3B or 34B.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 30. Not open for credit after completion of other lower-division statistics (such as Communication 87, PSTAT 5AA-ZZ, Psychology 5, Sociology 3). Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

Non-mathematical introduction to basic ideas in statistics, such as replication, controls, randomization, random sampling, the repeated sampling principle, chance models. Includes descriptive statistics, laws of large numbers, normality, confidence intervals, regression and correlation, hypothesis tests, elementary computing and simulation. (F)

94. Issues in Marine Conservation

(2) Halpern

Prerequisites: sonsent of instructor.

This seminar will be a component of a Summer Institute in combination with two courses in Film Studies on Environmental Media. Participation will be open only to students admitted to the Institute. Seminar, 2 hours.

Seminar course exploring a variety of current conservation issues affecting California’s coastal ecosystems. Seminars include a range of guest speakers working on the scientific issues underlying the marine conservation challenges.

98. Readings in Biological Sciences

(1-3) Staff

Prerequisites: consent of instructor and department.

Students must have a minimum 3.0 cumulative grade-point average and are limited to 3 units per quarter and 30 units total in all 98/99/198/199/199AA-ZZ courses combined. Students are limited to 6 units of Biology 98 and EEMB 98 combined. Tutorial, 1 hour.

Special readings on selected topics in biology. Individual conferences one hour every week. Designed to broaden the outlook and experience of advanced lower-division students. Hours and credit by arrangement with any member of the staff.

99. Introduction to Research

(1-3) Staff

Prerequisites: consent of instructor and department.

Students must have a minimum 3.0 cumulative grade-point average and are limited to 3 units per quarter and 30 units total in all 98/99/198/199/199AA-ZZ courses combined. Students are limited to 6 units of Biology 99 and EEMB 99 combined. Tutorial, 3-9 hours.

Laboratory experience for advanced lower-division students. Hours and credit by arrangement with any member of the staff.

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Upper Division

102. Macroevolution: -Biodiversity in Deep Time

(4) Oakley

Prerequisite: EEMB 2 or MCDB 1A or Geology 3. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

An introduction to the scientific methods used to study the tempo and mode of evolution above the species level and important topics in macroevolution such as the Cambrian explosion, the origin of novelties, the evolution of development, and phylogenetics. (S)

103A. Flora and Vegetation of California

(4) Wilken

Prerequisite: EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Botany 103A. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory/field, 6 hours.

An introduction to plant families, species, and communities in California by means of laboratory work and field observations, and including techniques of plant collection and identification. One three-day field trip is required in addition to the regularly scheduled laboratories. (W)

103B. Vegetation and Flora of California

(4) Staff

Prerequisite: EEMB 103A or equivalent. Not open for credit to students who have completed Botany 103B. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory/field, 6 hours.

A continuation of the material in EEMB 103A, with increased emphasis on the composition and distribution of plant communities throughout California. Two field trips, three to four days each, are required in addition to the regularly scheduled laboratories. (S)

105. Phylogenetics for Evolutionists, Ecologists, and Molecular Biologists

(3) Oakley

Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

A practical yet thorough introduction to the theory and practice of phylogenetics. Emphasis is on use as a tool to address questions in evolution, ecology, and molecular biology. (F)

106. Biology of Fishes

(4) Warner

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 161. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 4 hours.

The evolution, systematics, biogeography, and ecology of fishes. (F)

107. Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles

(3) Sweet

Prerequisites: EEMB 113 and 113L.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 130 or 130A. Lecture, 2 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

An introduction to the diversity, systematics, functional morphology and ecology of modern lineages of amphibians and reptiles. (S)

107L. Herpetology Lab

(2) Sweet

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in EEMB 107.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 130 or 130L. Lab, 3 hours, discussion, 1 hour.

An intensive introduction to the diversity and systematics of amphibians and reptiles worldwide with an additional focus on the western North American herpetofauna. (S)

108. Vertebrate Evolutionary Morphology

(5) Sweet

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 108. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.

Lectures concern evolutionary and functional aspects of the development of structural complexity in vertebrates, emphasizing the role of size in determining mechanical and physiological optima and limits, and the constraints imposed by the evolutionary process. Labs involve dissections and demonstrations. (F; offered even-numbered years)

109. Vertebrate Paleontology

(4) Wyss

Prerequisites: Geology 2 or 3 or 7 or 30, or MCDB 1A-AL or EEMB 2.

Same course as Geology 148. Letter grade required for majors. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Introduction to the history of vertebrate life, with emphasis on the phylogenetic relationships of the major vertebrate groups.

111. Parasitology

(5) Kuris

Prerequisites: EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 111. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.

An ecological approach to parasitism. Survey of parasites of humans and other animals. Discussion of evolutionary, genetic, immunological, sociological, political, and economic aspects. Laboratory stresses anatomy and life cycles of living material. (W)

112. Invertebrate Zoology

(5) Kuris, Hofmann

Prerequisites: EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 112A. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.

An introduction to the classification, structure, life histories, and habits of the major phyla of invertebrate animals (excluding annelids and arthropods), with emphasis on the marine fauna of the Santa Barbara area. (F)

113. Evolution and Ecology of Terrestrial Vertebrates

(2) Rothstein

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3; and concurrent enrollment in EEMB 113L.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 113A. Lecture, 2 hours.

Evolutionary and ecological principles as demonstrated by amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals; competition and other species interactions; diversity and systematics with special emphasis on speciation theory. (F)

113L. Laboratory and Fieldwork in Vertebrate Biology

(2) Rothstein

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in EEMB 113.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 113AL. Laboratory, 3 hours; field, 3 hours.

Weekly field trips to numerous locations and laboratory work emphasizing classification, identification, and observation of local terrestrial vertebrates. Introduction to techniques such as trapping and banding to study vertebrates in the field. (F)

116. Invertebrate Zoology: Higher Invertebrates

(5) Kuris, Cardinale

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 112B. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.

An introduction to the classification, structure, life histories and habits of annelids and arthropods, with emphasis on the aquatic fauna of the Santa Barbara area. (S)

117. Flow and Aquatic Ecosystems

(3) MacIntyre

Prerequisites: EEMB 142A-B-C; and, Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B.

Recommended preparation: Physics 6A-B-C. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

Introduction to the interaction of hydrodynamics with aquatic organisms and ecosystems and use of quantitative approaches in aquatic ecology. Case studies include examples from lakes, rivers, kelp forests, and coral reefs. (F)

119. Ecology and Management of California Wildlands

(5) D’Antonio

Prerequisites: Environmental Studies 100 or EEMB 120.

Same course as Environmental Studies 119. One weekend fieldtrip is mandatory. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 5 hours.

Explores ecological processes in California habitats and the challenges of their management through field trips, discussions with land managers, lectures and readings. Focus on regional habitats including specialized habitats such as coastal salt marsh and vernal pools, and more widespread habitats such as oak savanna and chaparral. (F)

120. Introduction to Ecology

(4) Holbrook

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Letter grade required for majors. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 120. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Major concepts in population and evolutionary ecology. Theoretical, experimental, and field studies pertaining to population growth and regulation, competition, predation, diversity, adaptation, and life history strategies. (F)

120AL. Field and Laboratory Studies in Ecology

(3) Holbrook

Prerequisite: EEMB 120 (may be taken concurrently).

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 120Al-BL. Laboratory, 3 hours; fieldwork, 3 hours.

Practical studies in ecology in both field and laboratory, emphasizing the design and analysis of experiments. (F)

120BL. Field and Laboratory Studies in Ecology

(3) Holbrook

Prerequisite: EEMB 120AL.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 120Al-BL. Laboratory, 3 hours; fieldwork, 3 hours.

Practical studies in ecology in both field and laboratory. Individual projects are empha-
sized. (W)

124. Biochemical Ecology

(4) Chapman

Prerequisite: MCDB 1A; and, EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B; and, EEMB 3. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Introduction to natural products . Discussion of the roles and functions of natural products in animal-plant, plant-plant, and plant-microbe interactions. (F)

125. Dynamics of Ecological Systems

(4) Murdoch

Prerequisites: EEMB 120; and, Mathematics 3A or 34A. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

Examines thoery in ecology and applications to real systems.

126MM. Computation Chemistry and Molecular Modeling

(3) Aue, Jacobs

Prerequisites: Chemistry 109A-B.

Same course as Chemistry 126. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

Introduction to computational chemistry and molecular modeling. Application of molecular mechanics, quantum mechanics, and computer graphical interfaces to problems in chemistry, biochemistry, drug design, and pharmacology. (S)

127. Introduction to Botany

(4) Mazer

Prerequisite: EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 127. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Introduction to plant biology; the importance of plants to humans; taxonomic and ecological diversity; and evolutionary processes. Will serve as a foundation for all upper-division plant biology courses. Emphasis on life history variation; pollination; reproduction and mating strategies. (W)

127L. Laboratory for Introduction to Botany

(2) Mazer

Prerequisites: EEMB 3 and 127 (may be taken concurrently).

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 127L. Laboratory, 6 hours.

Computer, lab, greenhouse, and field experience in studies of plant anatomy, physiology, reproduction, pollination, morphology, and adaptation to different environments. Live material and herbarium collections used to demonstrate plant diversity, speciation, and genetic variation. Independent and team projects.

128. Ecological Constraints to Ecosystem Restoration

(4) D’Antonio

Prerequisites: Environmental Studies 100 or EEMB 120.

Same course as Environmental Studies 128. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 2 hours.

Integrates ecological principles with practical issues involved in ecosystem restoration. Beginning with the challenge of selecting goals and establishing a target trajectory, students evaluate how ecological knowledge can guide restoration and whether sustainable states or trajectories can be achieved. (F)

129. Introductory Genetics

(4) Hodges, Bush

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3 with a grade of C or better.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 130A-B or MCDB 101A-B. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Introduction to genetics. Mendel’s laws, structure, replication and expression of DNA, linkage and chromosomal aberrations, mutation and recombination, concepts of genetic variability, quantitative and population genetics. (W)

130. Population Genetics

(4) Staff

Prerequisite: MCDB 1A with a grade of C or better.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 130C.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 129. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

The consequences of Mendelian principles in diploid populations, including quantitative genetics, genetic correlations, gene frequency, change under selection, the effects of mutation on populations, gene interactions in fitness, and ecological
genetics. (S)

131. Principles of Evolution

(4) Sweet

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B, or Geology 2 and 3.

Same course as Geology 121. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 131. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

A foundation course concerning the mechanisms of evolution at micro- and macroevolutionary levels, and interpretation of the resulting patterns of adaptation and organic diversity. (W)

133. Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

(4) Staff

Prerequisite: EEMB 3.

Same course as Environmental Studies 133. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 133. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Field methods, literature, computer use, and underlying theory important to biodiversity research. Use of preserved and living collections by ecologists, conservation biologists, and evolutionists to detect evolutionary processes and threats to biological communities; to measure ecological processes and biodiversity. Field trips. (W)

134. Biology of Seaweeds and Phytoplankton

(5) Chapman

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 134. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.

Overview on the biology of macroalgae and phytoplankton, with emphasis on living and adapting in the various environments. Topics include form-function, ecophysiology, unique aspects of biochemistry, antiherbivore strategies, applied phycology and mariculture. (W)

136. Principles of Paleontology

(4) Tiffney

Prerequisite: upper-division standing.

Same course as Geology 111. Letter grade required for majors. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 111.

Recommended preparation: an introductory biology course. Lecture, 3 hours.

The ecological structure and evolution of the biosphere as illustrated by the fossil record.

136L. Principles of Paleontology Laboratory

(2) Tiffney

Prerequisite: EEMB 136 (may be taken concurrently).

Same course as Geology 111L. Letter grade required for majors. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 111L. Laboratory, 6 hours.

Exercises and projects in the identification and interpretation of fossil taxa and fossil communities. (W)

137. Plant Paleobiology

(4) Tiffney

Prerequisite: upper-division standing.

Same course as Geology 141. Letter grade required for majors. Not open for credit to students who have completed Botany 110.

Recommended preparation: Geology 111 or EEMB 136. Lecture, 3 hours.

Examination of the history of land plants; the systematics, morphology, and phylogeny of major groups. Major evolution and biogeographic patterns.

137L. Plant Paleobiology Laboratory

(1) Tiffney

Prerequisite: EEMB 137 or Geology 141 (may be taken concurrently).

Same course as Geology 141L. Letter grade required for majors. Not open for credit to students who have completed Botany 110L. Laboratory, 3 hours.

Anatomy, morphology, and systematics of fossil plants from the specimens. (S)

138. Ethology and Behavioral Ecology

(5) Rothstein, Warner

Prerequisite: EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 138. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour; laboratory, 3 hours.

Animal behavior and social organization viewed from evolutionary and whole animal perspectives. Specific topics stress environmental influences and natural selection and include: classical ethology, development and learning, communication, foraging, aggression, territoriality, mating systems, parental care, altruism, and sociobiology. (W)

139. Sensory Ecology and Evolution

(4) Staff

Prerequisite: MCDB 1A; EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B, and EEMB 3; and Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B.

Recommended preparation: Physics 6A-B-C. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 2 hours.

Sensory mechanisms, their ecological/evolutionary consequences, vision and other senses in natural environments, composition of visual backgrounds, perception of pattern, animal communication, predator-prey relationships, detection of prey/territorial neighbors/mates, polymorphism, detecting, measuring, and predicting natural selection, response to changing environments. (W)

140. General Plant Ecology

(4) Mahall

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Botany 140. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

An introduction to the principles of plant
ecology. (F)

140L. General Plant Ecology Lab

(2) Mahall

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3; and EEMB 140 (may be taken concurrently).

Not open for credit to students who have completed Botany 140L. Laboratory and field, 6 hours.

Field and laboratory research techniques. (F)

141. Physiological Plant Ecology

(6) Mahall

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A-1B and EEMB 2 and 3; and, MCDB 117 or 118 or EEMB 140. Lecture, 4 hours; laboratory, 3 hours; field 5 hours.

A study of the environmental and physiological parameters of plant distributions and niches. (S)

142A. Aquatic Communities

(4) Schmitt, Even

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A, EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B, and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed EEMB 145C.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 120. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

A survey of the patterns of distribution, diversity, and abundance of species in marine and freshwater communities, with an emphasis on the dynamic interactions which shape these patterns. Applied aspects: fisheries, mariculture. (F)

142AL. Methods of Aquatic Community Ecology

(3) Schmitt, Even

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in EEMB 142A.

Not open for credit to students who have completed EEMB 145CL. Laboratory, 6 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Experience in the field techniques of aquatic community ecology. (F)

142B. Environmental Processes in Oceans and Lakes

(4) MacIntyre, Staff

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed EEMB 145A. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

A discussion of biological, chemical, physical, and optical processes in marine and freshwater environments and the linkage between these processes. Emphasis on primary production, global biogeochemical cycles, nutrient dynamics, and synoptic mapping of biological and physical
patterns. (W)

142BL. Chemical and Physical Methods of Aquatic Environments

(3) MacIntyre

Prerequisite: EEMB 142B (may be taken concurrently).

Not open for credit to students who have completed EEMB 145AL. Laboratory, 8 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

A survey of physical and chemical methods used by limnologists and oceanographers supplemented with field observations. (W)

142C. Environmental Processes in Oceans and Lakes

(4) Brzezinski, Alldredge

Prerequisite: EEMB 142B.

Not open for credit to students who have completed EEMB 145B. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

A continuation of EEMB 142B with emphasis on secondary productivity, ecology of higher trophic levels including zooplankton and fish, food web dynamics, benthic-pelagic coupling, ocean circulation, and biogeographical aspects of pelagic communities. (S)

142CL. Methods of Aquatic Biology

(3) Brzezinski, Alldredge

Prerequisite: EEMB 142C (may be taken concurrently).

Not open for credit to students who have completed EEMB 145BL Laboratory, 6 hours; field, 3 hours.

Laboratory and field techniques used to measure various biological processes including productivity, and to sample, identify, enumerate, and culture marine organisms. (S)

143. Ecological Physiology

(3) Childress

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 143. Lecture, 3 hours.

Consideration of the physiological responses and adaptations of animals to their environments. Emphasis on the underlying physiological and biochemical mechanisms. A comparative approach in nature emphasizing aquatic animals. (F)

143L. Laboratory in Ecological Physiology

(2) Childress

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in EEMB 143.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 143L. Laboratory, 6 hours.

Semi-independent study lab to accompany EEMB 143. Study of the physiological responses and adaptations of animals to their environment. Aquatic animals emphasized. (F)

144. Marine Microbiology

(4) Carlson

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 142.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 145A-B or MCDB 131. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Exploration of evolution, ecology, biochemistry, and genetics of marine bacteria. Topics include: historical perspective, molecular approaches in microbial ecology, trophic interactions/biogeochemistry, physiological adaptations, and biochemistry and genetics of selected systems (bioluminescence, deep-sea adaptations, cell-surface interactions, starvation survival). (W)

144L. Marine Microbiology Lab

(2) Staff

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3; concurrent enrollment in EEMB 144 or 142B. Laboratory, 6 hours.

A laboratory survey of the diversity, physiology and ecology of marine prokaryotes, and methods used to identify, quantify and measure their activities. (W)

146. Biometry

(4) Stewart-Oaten

Prerequisites: Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B; and, EEMB 30 or PSTAT 5.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 146A or EEMB 146A. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

Linear models and least squares fitting: simple and multiple linear regression; analysis of variance (fixed, random, and mixed models; crossed and nested effects; balanced and unbalanced designs); analysis of covariance, factorial designs; incomplete layouts; use of transformations. (F)

148. Ecology of Running Waters

(4) Even

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 148. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Review of literature on the physics, chemistry, and biology of running water ecosystems. (W)

149. Mariculture for the 21st Century: Research Frontiers

(4) Chapman, Collins

Prerequisite: upper-division standing.

Same course as MCDB 149. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 149. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion 1 hour.

Recent progress and new directions in research increasing production of valuable marine animals, plants and microorganisms. Control of reproduction, development, growth and disease in marine species; problems encountered in commercializing production; regional and biological solutions; the role of modern biotechnology. (S)

151. Phytoplankton Photoecology

(3) Prezelin

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3 and 142B. Lecture, 3 hours.

How sunlight controls all aspects of phytoplankton biology, thus affecting many large scale ocean processes where phytoplankton play a central role; primarily production, biogeochemical cycling, impacts of climate change on oceans due to global warming and ozone depletion. Topics include photosynthesis, photoadaptation, photoinhibition, and photoregulation of metabolism, behavior and survival strategies. The evolutionary similarities and differences between taxonomic grouping of photoplankton are examined as well as the present photoecology of harmful algal blooms, picophytoplankton and microalgal symbionts of corals and other marine animals. (S)

152. Applied Marine Ecology

(5) Schmitt, Staff

Prerequisites: Environmental Studies 100, or EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B, or EEMB 3; and, Mathematics 3A or 34A.

Same course as Environmental Studies 152.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 120. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 2 hours.

Introduction to the application of ecological principles and methods to environmental problems in marine habitats. Focus on problems that are local, regional, and global in scale. Concepts illustrated with case studies.

153. Ecology of Lakes and Wetlands

(3) Melack

Prerequisites: EEMB 142B; and, EEMB 142A or 120. Lecture, 3 hours.

An examination of ecological aspects of lakes, wetlands, and their catchments integrating biogeochemical processes, biological-physical coupling, and population and community ecology. Applications of remote sensing and ecological models; human-caused impacts and their management. (S)

154. Integrative Physiology

(4) Suarez

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3; and, Chemistry 109A-B.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 153A. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 157.

A rigorous introduction to how animals function, integrating information and concepts appropriate to the understanding of physiological processes from the level of molecules to whole organisms. (F)

156. Biology of Reproduction

(4) Collins

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 156. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Examination of hormonal mechanisms regulating initiation/maintenance of reproductive function in vertebrates. Review of regulation of fertilization/pregnancy/parturition. Endocrine aspects do not duplicate topics covered in EEMB 155, and provide background in physiology for MCDB 126B. (S)

159. Tropical Ecology

(4) Even

Prerequisite: MCDB 1A-B; and, EEMB 2 and 3. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Examination of ecological processes in terrestrial and aquatic tropical environments. (W)

163. Deep-Sea Biology

(3) Childress

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, MCDB 1B and EEMB 2; and EEMB 3.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 153 or EEMB 153. Lecture, 3 hours.

Consideration of the biology of midwater and benthic organisms living beneath the euphotic zone. Emphasis on dynamic aspects of biological processes in this unique environment. Surveys of major deep-sea taxa and the history of deep-sea biology are included. (W)

164. Marine Pharmacology

(4) Jacobs

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B; and, EEMB 3.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 129 or MCDB 101A, and Chemistry 107A or 130A. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

A comprehensive examination of unique natural product probes and toxins that define physiological pathways and serve as a basis for modern pharmacology. (F)

164L. Marine Pharmacology Laboratory

(3) Jacobs, Collins

Prerequisites: concurrent enrollment in EEMB 164. Laboratory, 8 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Characterizing physiological pathways in isolated tissues, organs, and intact animal preparations using natural probes. (W)

165. Field Studies in Marine Ecological Physiology

(4) Hofmann

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A-1B and EEMB 2 and 3. Lecture, 1 hour; laboratory, 3 hours.

An integration of field and laboratory approaches to questions in marine ecological physiology. Using local coastal field sites, participants conduct a team research project. Participants collect, analyze, and present the results. Involves occasional field trips and lab work. (W)

166. Field Approaches to Terrestrial Plant and Ecosystem Ecology

(5) Levine

Prerequisites: EEMB 2 and 3.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 120, 135, 140, 141, or 171. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory, 8 hours.

An intensive lecture and field course in local habitats examining biological invasions, resource cycling, vegetation succession, fire ecology, and seed banks. Lectures introduce ecological principles, and field labs demonstrate methodology. An additional weekend lab or outside project is required.

166FT. Terrestrial Plant and Ecosystem Ecology - Weekend Mini Course

(1) Levine

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in EEMB 166.

One weekend field trip, 20 hours.

A Friday to Sunday field trip to desert, alpine, and sagebrush ecosystems in California. Field projects examine questions posed in EEMB 166. (S)

170. Biology of the Marine-Land Interface

(4) Page

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B; and EEMB 3.

Letter grade required for majors. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 141.

Influence of physical factors on adaptations of shoreline organisms with emphasis on the arthropods. (SS)

171. Ecosystem Processes

(4) Schimel

Prerequisites: Environmental Studies 100 or EEMB 2 or MCDB 1B.

Same course as Environmental Studies 171. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 171.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 120. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

An examination of the key processes that regulate ecosystem reproductivity and function in terrestrial ecosystems. Specific foci include: plant-soil linkages including decomposition and nutrient supply, and the role of above- and below-ground community composition on element cycles. (W)

174. Biomechanics

(4) Gaylord

Prerequisites: Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B; and Physics 6A. Lecture, 3 hours.

Introduction to fluid dynamics, solid mechanics, thermal mechanics, and materials science as they relate to organism form/function and the interaction of plants and animals with their physical surroundings. (W)

175. Biochemical Adaptation to the Environment

(4) Suarez

Prerequisite: EEMB 154 or MCDB 108A. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Biochemical mechanisms of physiological and evolutionary adaptation to temperature, pressure, diet and food availability, locomotory activity, and oxygen availability. (S)

175L. Biochemical Adaptation to the Environment Laboratory

(1) Suarez

Prerequisite: EEMB 154 or MCDB 108A. Laboratory, 3 hours.

Basic laboratory techniques in the study of biochemical adaptation to the environment, including preparation of buffers and reagents, tissue preparation, enzyme assays, and measurement of respiration rates using subcellular preparations and whole animals. (S)

176. Advanced Biostatistics

(5) Rice

Prerequisites: concurrent enrollment in EEMB 176L; consent of instructor. Lecture, 4 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Accelerated overview of parametric and nonparametric statistical techniques that are used in the biological sciences. The course unifies nearly all traditional statistical tests by expressing them all as a single unified testing protocol. (S)

176L. Advanced Biostatistics Laboratory

(2) Rice

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in EEMB 176. Laboratory, 3 hours; discussion 1 hour.

Students use computerized sampling to evaluate the robustness and power of a wide diversity of parametric vs. nonparametric tests. Students also learn to use computerized software to carry out all the tests described in the lecture class. (S)

179. Modeling Environmental and Ecological Change

(4) Nisbet

Prerequisites: Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 179. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

An introduction to mathematical and computer models in studies of the natural environment with emphasis on population dynamics. Case studies of interacting physical, chemical and biological phenomena. (F)

182. Communicating Ocean Science

(3) Alldredge

Prerequisites: sophomore standing or higher; consent of instructor.

Students should have at least one quarter of biology, chemistry, geology, or physics and an interest in marine science. Lecture, 2 hours; field, 1 hour.

Students interested in improving their ability to communicate their scientific knowledge by teaching in K-12, college, and public education settings. Course combines instruction in inquiry-based teaching methods and learning pedagogy with 10 weeks of supervised field experience. Students practice communicating scientific knowledge and receive mentoring on how to improve their presentations.

183. Introduction to Teaching in Biology

(1-5) Staff

Prerequisites: upper-division standing and consent of instructor.

May be repeated for credit to a maximum of 5 units in combination with MCDB 183 but no units may be applied toward the major.

Students will assist instructor in teaching course in which the student previously received a grade of A or better. Activities will be determined in consultation with the instructor and may include leading discussion, laboratory, or tutorial section(s), attending lectures and grading exams.

184. Internship in Biological Sciences

(1-5) Staff

Prerequisites: upper-division standing and consent of department.

Students must have a 2.5 cumulative grade-point-average. Course may be repeated for credit to a maximum of 15 units. Maximum units for credit defined on major sheets.

Opportunity to obtain practical biological related research experience by working under faculty direction as an intern with local, state, federal, or private agencies. A written report will be submitted for evaluation.

185. Field Work in Oceanography

(1-8) Prezelin

Prerequisites: EEMB 142B or 142C; and consent of instructor.

May be repeated for credit to a maximum of 8 units but only 4 units may be applied toward the major.

Participation as a member of a scientific party on Scripps Institution (UCSD), NMFS, and UCSB oceanographic cruises. Cruise duration is variable (7 to 60 days), and course units will vary with cruise duration. Supervision by scientific party leader. Report required. (F,W,S,SS)

186. Restoration Ecology

(2-4) Thorsch

Prerequisites: upper-division standing; consent of instructor.

Units require greenhouse, nursery, and field work at various times and places; weekly seminar participation, and a paper. Lecture, 1 hour; field, 5-15 hours.

Planning, design, implementation, and monitoring of ecological projects (habitat restoration and creation, enhancement of ecosystem functions, recovery of endangered species) at campus-associated habitats and biotic communities including estuarine wetlands, vernal pools, freshwater marshes, coastal scrub, grasslands, oak woodlands.

187. Pharmacology Colloquia

(1) Jacobs, Wilson

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A; and, EEMB 2 and MCDB 1B; and EEMB 3.

Same course as MCDB 187. May be repeated for credit to a maximum of 4 units but only 2 units may be applied toward the major. Seminar, 1 hour.

Lectures on active research programs in pharmacology in the federal, state, and private research sectors. (S)

188RE. Restoration Ecology Seminar

(1) Thorsch

May be repeated for credit to a maximum of 6 units, but only 4 units count toward the major. Seminar, 1 hour.

Seminar explores current topics in restoration ecology including model projects, techniques, structured research, performance criteria, political and philosophical issues and may include site visits.

192. Special Topics in Biological Sciences

(1-4) Staff

Prerequisites: upper-division standing in EEMB OR MCDB and consent of instructor.

May be repeated for credit in combination with Biology 192 and MCDB 192. Maximum units for credit in major: 8 for BS; 4 for BA. Lecture, 1 to 4 hours.

Special topics of current importance in biological sciences. Course content will vary. Information may be obtained in department office.

194AA-ZZ. Group Studies for Advanced Students

(2) Staff

Prerequisites: upper-division standing and consent of instructor.

May be repeated for credit in combination with Biology 194AA-ZZ and MCDB 194AA-ZZ to a maximum of 8 units. Individual letter designations may be repeated for credit to a maximum of 4 units. Maximum units for credit defined on major sheets. Seminar, 2 hours.

Oral reports by students.

AA. Evolutionary Ecology: Warner.

AL. Energetics of Animal Locomotion: Suarez.

B. Manipulating Reproduction: Collins.

BN. Behavioral Neurobiology: Case.

BT. Gross Human Anatomy: Staff

C. Systematics: Sweet.

CE. Community Ecology: Gaines, Cooper.

D. Plant Ecology: Mahall; Schimel.

DD. Endocrinology: Collins.

DL. Contemporary Approaches to Marine Biology.

EE. Symbiosis.

EG. Evolutionary Genetics: Rice.

EN. Environmental Endocrinology: Collins.

ET. Ecological Toxicology: Holbrook; Nisbet; Schmitt.

EV. Evolutionary Biology: Mazer; Endler; Rothstein; Warner; Hodges; Sweet.

FF. Photosynthesis: Prezelin.

GG. Evolutionary Morphology: Sweet.

J. Evolutionary and Behavioral Ecology of Vertebrates: Rothstein.

M. Reproductive Ecology and Evolution: Mazer; Hodges.

MR. Metabolic Regulation: Suarez.

O. Ecological Genetics: Endler.

Q. Aquatic Biology: Cooper; Melack.

S. Plant Systematics and Evolution: Schneider; Wilken.

T. Parasitology: Kuris.

TE. Theoretical Ecology and Evolution: Nisbet.

Z. Ecological Physiology: Childress.

197. Directed Studies

(1-5) Staff

Prerequisites: a major within EEMB; consent of department; upper-division standing; completion of two upper-division courses in MCDB or EEMB.

Students must have a minimum grade-point average of 2.5 in upper-division major courses and are limited to a maximum of 12 units in EEMB 197 and MCDB 197 combined. Maximum units for credit defined on major sheets. See also credit limits with other courses in description of major requirements.

Hours and credit by arrangement with any faculty member. (F,W,S)

198. Directed Readings

(1-5) Staff

Prerequisites: a major within EEMB; consent of department; upper-division standing; completion of two upper-division courses in MCDB or EEMB.

Students must have a minimum grade-point average of 3.0 in upper-division major courses and are limited to 5 units per quarter and 30 units total in all 98/99/198/199/199AA-ZZ courses combined. Maximum units for credit in major: 8 for BS; 4 for BA. See also credit limits with other course in description of major requirements. Tutorial, 1-5 hours.

Individual conferences one hour every two weeks. Special readings designed to broaden the outlook of students and to knit into a cohesive whole the basic principles underlying the major disciplines in the field. (F,W,S)

199. Independent Studies

(1-5) Staff

Prerequisites: a major within EEMB; consent of department; upper-division standing; completion of two upper-division courses in MCDB or EEMB.

Students must have a minimum grade-point average of 3.0 in upper-division major courses and are limited to 5 units per quarter and 30 units total in all 98/99/198/199/199AA-ZZ courses combined. Maximum units for credit in major: 8 for BS; 4 for BA. See also credit limits with other course in description of major requirements. Tutorial, 1-3 hours; field, 1-5 hours.

Hours and credit by arrangement with any faculty member. Laboratory or field. (F,W,S)

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Graduate Courses

205. Phylogenetics for Evolutionists, Ecologists, and Molecular Biologists

(3) Oakley

Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

A practical yet thorough introduction to the theory and practice of phylogenetics. Emphasis on use as a tool to address questions in evolution, ecology, and molecular biology. (F)

211. Parasitology

(5) Kuris

Prerequisites: EEMB 2-2L or MCDB 1B-BL; and EEMB 3-3L or equivalents.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 211. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.

An ecological approach to parasitism. Survey of parasites of humans and other animals. Discussion of evolutionary, genetic, immunological, sociological, political, and economic aspects. Laboratory stresses anatomy and life cycles of living material. (W)

214. Global Change Ecology

(3) Gaines

Lecture, 1 hour; discussion, 2 hours.

Through lecture and discussion the course explores how current patterns of global change are affecting fundamental ecological patterns, such as species richness, range fragmentation and displacement, the distribution and virulence of disease, food web structure, and ecosystem services. (S)

217. Flow and Aquatic Ecosystems

(3) MacIntyre

Prerequisites: EEMB 142A-B-C or equivalent; and, mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B or equivalent. Lecture, 2 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

An introduction to the interaction of hydrodynamics with aquatic organisms and ecosystems and use of quantitative approaches in aquatic ecology. Case studies include examples from lakes, rivers, kelp forests, and coral reefs. (F)

222. Experimental Design Workshop

(2) Gaines, Rice

Prerequisite: introductory course in statistics. Seminar, 2 hours.

A workshop for graduate students focusing on statistical issues in the design and analysis of ecological experiments. Includes extensive analyses of real data sets supplied by the students. Specific topics vary each year. (W)

225. Dynamics of Ecological Systems

(4) Murdoch

Prerequisites: EEMB 120; and, Mathematics 3A or 34A.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 225. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

Covers recent advances in analyzing the dynamics of ecological populations and communities based on the properties of individual organisms. Relates evolution, physiology, and behavior to dynamics.

228. Ecological Constraints to Ecosystem Restoration

(4) D’Antonio

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 120 or Environmental Studies 100. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 2 hours.

Integrates ecological principles with practical issues involved in ecosystem restoration. Beginning with the challenge of selecting goals and establishing a target trajectory, students evaluate how ecological knowledge can guide restoration and whether sustainable states or trajectories can be achieved.

230. Population Genetics

(4) Staff

Prerequisites: MCDB 101A-B.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 230C. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

The consequences of Mendelian principles in diploid populations, including quantitative genetics, genetic correlations, gene frequency, change under selection, the effects of mutation on populations, gene interactions in fitness, and ecological
genetics. (S)

234. Phycology

(5) Chapman

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A-AL; and, MCDB 1B-BL or EEMB 2-2L; and EEMB 3-3L, or equivalents.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 234.

Overview on the biology of macroalgae and phytoplankton, with emphasis on living and adapting in the various environments. Topics include form-function, ecophysiology, unique aspects of biochemistry, antiherbivore strategies, applied phycology and mariculture. (W)

235. Current Topics in Phycology

(3) Chapman

Prerequisite: graduate standing. Seminar, 3 hours.

Discussion of current research on algae and their economic uses. (F)

243. Biological Oceanography

(3) Brzezinski, Alldredge

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 243. Lecture, 3 hours.

Current concepts in biological oceanography focusing on the coupling of biotic processes to ocean physics, chemistry and sedimentation. Emphasis on areas of active research with critical evaluation of current and seminal literature. (F)

244. Marine Microbiology

(4) Carlson

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A-AL; and, MCDB 1B-BL or EEMB 2-2L; and, EEMB 3-3L; and, MCDB 110, 131, EEMB 145A-B-C; and, Chemistry 1A-B-C; or equivlent.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 252. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Exploration of evolution, ecology, biochemistry, and genetics of marine bacteria. Topics include: historical perspective, molecular approaches in microbial ecology, trophic interactions/biogeochemistry, physiological adaptations, and biochemistry and genetics of selected systems (bioluminescence, deep-sea adaptation, cell-surface interactions, starvation survival). (W)

244L. Marine Microbiology Laboratory

(2) Staff

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A-AL; and, MCDB 1B-BL or EEMB 2-2L; and EEMB 3-3L; and, EEMB 144 (may be taken concurrently) or EEMB 145A; consent of instructor.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 252L. Laboratory, 6 hours.

A laboratory survey of the diversity, physiology and ecology of marine prokaryotes, and methods used to identify, quantify and measure their activities. (S)

245. Advanced Population Biology

(4) Nisbet

Prerequisites: one course in ecology and consent of instructor.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 245. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

A in-depth look at selected aspects of population and community dynamics of organisms. Extensive reading of original papers.

246. Biometry

(4) Stewart-Oaten

Prerequisites: Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B or equivalent; and EEMB 30 or equivalent.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 246A or EEMB 246A. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.

Linear models and least squares fitting: simple and multiple linear regression; analysis of variance (fixed, random and mixed models; crossed and nested effects; balanced and unbalanced designs); analysis of covariance, factorial designs; incomplete layouts; use of transformations. (F)

248. Ecology of Running Waters

(4) Even

Prerequisite: EEMB 145B.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 248. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion 1 hour.

Review of literature on the physics, chemistry, and biology of running water ecosystems. (W)

249. Mariculture: Research Frontiers in Farming the Sea

(4) Collins, Chapman

Prerequisite: graduate standing.

Same course as MCDB 249. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 249. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Recent progress and new directions in research increasing production of valuable marine animals, plants and microorganisms. Control of reproduction, development, growth and disease in marine species; problems encountered in commercializing production; regional and biological solutions; the role of modern biotechnology. (S)

251. Phytoplankton Photoecology

(3) Prezelin

Lecture, 3 hours.

How sunlight controls all aspects of phytoplankton biology, thus affecting many large scale ocean processes where phytoplankton play a central role; primarily production, biogeochemical cycling, impacts of climate change on oceans due to global warming and ozone depletion. Topics include photosynthesis, photoadaptation, photoinhibition, and photoregulation of metabolism, behavior and survival strategies. The evolutionary similarities and differences between taxonomic grouping of photoplankton are examined as well as the present photoecology of harmful algal blooms, picophytoplankton and microalgal symbionts of corals and other marine animals. Different criteria and more sophisticated assignments are used for graduate students.

253. Ecology of Lakes and Wetlands

(4) Melack

Prerequisite: EEMB 142B; and, EEMB 142A or 120 or equivalent. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

An examination of ecological aspects of lakes, wetlands and their physical coupling and population and community ecology. Applications of remote sensing and ecological models; human-caused impacts and their management. (S)

259. Tropical Ecology

(4) Even

Prerequisite: one course in introductory ecology.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 259. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion 1 hour.

Examination of ecological processes in terrestrial and aquatic tropical environments. (W)

264. Marine Pharmacology

(4) Jacobs

Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

History and scope of the use of natural product probes in biology and their relationship to physiology, chemistry, and biochemistry. (F)

264L. Marine Pharmacology Laboratory

(4) Jacobs, Collins

Prerequisites: consent of instructor. Laboratory, 8 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Characterizing physiological pathways in isolated tissues, organs, and intact animal preparations using natural probes. (W)

265. Field Studies in Marine Ecological Physiology

(4) Hofmann

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A-B, and EEMB 2 and 3.

An integration of field and laboratory approaches to questions in marine ecological physiology. Using local coastal field sites, participants conduct a team research project. Participants collect, analyze, and present the results. Involves occasional field trips and lab work.

266. Biology of Reproduction

(4) Collins

Prerequisites: MCDB 1A-AL; and, MCDB 1B-BL or EEMB 2-2L; and EEMB 3-3L.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Zoology 156 or EEMB 156.

Examination of hormonal mechanisms regulating initiation/maintenance of reproductive function in vertebrates. Review of regulation of fertilization/pregnancy/parturition. Endocrine aspects do not duplicate topics covered in EEMB 155, and provides background in physiology for MCDB 226B. (S)

269. Literature in Pharmacology

(1) Jacobs, Wilson

Prerequisite: graduate standing in biological sciences.

Same course as MCDB 269. Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 269. Seminar, 1 hour.

Critical reading and presentation of current literature in topics on pharmacology. (F,W,S)

271. Ecosystem Processes

(4) Schimel

Prerequisite: Environmental Studies 13 or MCDB
1B-BL or EEMB 2-2L.

Not open for credit to students who have completed Biology 271.

Recommended preparation: EEMB 120. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion 1 hour.

An examination of carbon and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Specific foci will include plant soil linkages including decomposition and nutrient supply, and the role of above- and below-ground community composition on element cycles. (W)

274. Biomechanics

(3) Staff

Prerequisite: Mathematics 3A-B or 34A-B; and Physics 6A, or equivalents. Lecture, 3 hours.

Introduction to fluid dynamics, solid mechanics, thermal mechanics, and materials science as they relate to organism form/function and the interaction of plants and animals with their physical surroundings.

275. Biochemical Adaptation to the Environment

(4) Suarez

Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Biochemical mechanisms of physiological and evolutionary adaptation to temperature, pressure, diet and food availability, locomotory activity, and oxygen availability. (S)

275L. Biochemical Adaptation to the Environment Laboratory

(1) Suarez

Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Laboratory, 3 hours.

Laboratory techniques in the study of biochemical adaptation to the environment, including preparation of buffers and reagents, tissue preparation, enzyme assays, and measurement of respiration rates using subcellular preparations and whole animals. Students are required to read the primary literature in the areas covered, present a lecture based on the literature in the specific area, and summarize the talk in a short paper to be submitted at the end of the course. (S)

276. Advanced Biostatistics

(5) Rice

Prerequisites: concurrent enrollment in EEMB 276L; graduate standing. Lecture, 4 hours; discussion, 1 hour.

Accelerated overview of parametric and nonparametric statistical techniques that are used in the biological sciences. The course unifies nearly all traditional statistical tests by expressing th